The Eternal City: Green Bursa

The Birth of an Empire

Where the dream of a world empire turned into reality.

The First Capital

Bursa holds the unique title of being the first capital of the Ottoman Empire, captured by Orhan Gazi in 1326. It was here that a small principality transformed into a state that would rule three continents for six centuries. The city is the spiritual home of the dynasty, housing the tombs of the empire's founders, Osman Gazi and Orhan Gazi, in Tophane park. Walking through Bursa is walking through the very first chapter of Ottoman history, where the state's administrative, social, and architectural identity was forged.

Architectural Marvels & History

As the first capital of the Ottoman Empire, Bursa set the blueprint for Islamic and Ottoman urbanism. Its külliye complexes, mosques, and bazaars are the enduring legacy of a magnificent era.

The Grand Mosque (Ulu Camii)

Commissioned by Sultan Bayezid I after his victory at the Battle of Nicopolis and completed in 1399, this monumental structure is the largest mosque in Bursa and a pinnacle of early Ottoman architecture. Distinguished by its massive 20 domes arranged in four rows, it represents a vow fulfilled by the Sultan. Unique among mosques, it houses a magnificent indoor fountain (shadirvan) beneath a large open skylight dome, creating a serene atmosphere of reflection. The mosque is also celebrated as a "Museum of Calligraphy," with its walls and pillars adorned by 192 colossal examples of Islamic calligraphy written by the greatest masters of the era.

The Green Tomb & Mosque (Yeşil Külliye)

Standing as the eternal symbol of the city, the Green Tomb is the final resting place of Sultan Mehmed I. It is a masterpiece of craftsmanship, completely sheathed in stunning turquoise and hexagonal tiles that give it its name. Situated on a hill overlooking the city, it is the tallest Ottoman tomb. The accompanying Green Mosque is renowned for its intricate marble carving and the exquisite tile-work of its mihrab, which depicts a heavenly garden of roses and carnations, representing the zenith of 15th-century Ottoman ceramic art.

The Historic Silk Market (Koza Han)

Built in 1491 by Sultan Bayezid II, Koza Han (Cocoon Inn) has been the beating heart of the world's silk trade for over five centuries. As the final stop on the Anatolian Silk Road, this two-story caravanserai hosted merchants from China and Persia. Today, walking through its grand stone archways offers a sensory journey back in time. The courtyard, shaded by centuries-old plane trees, is the perfect spot to sip traditional Turkish tea while admiring the finest locally produced silk scarves and fabrics that Bursa is famous for.

Cumalıkızık (Living History)

Frozen in time, Cumalıkızık is a UNESCO World Heritage village that has preserved its Ottoman rural character for 700 years. Established by the Kızık tribe of the Kayı clan, the village is a maze of narrow, cobblestone streets free of modern traffic. Its colorful houses, built with wood, adobe, and rubble stone, feature classic bay windows and courtyards that whisper stories of the past. It offers the most authentic glimpse into early Ottoman village life, where locals still bake bread in wood ovens and sell homemade jams in the village square.

Nature’s Paradise

From the snowy peaks of Uludağ to the tranquil waters of historic lakes, discover why this city is eternally named "Green Bursa". The city's unique geography offers a rare combination of alpine forests, sea breezes, and fertile plains, creating a year-round haven for outdoor enthusiasts.

Mount Uludağ (The Great Mountain)

Known in antiquity as the Mysian Olympus, Mount Uludağ is a majestic natural wonder towering over the city. In winter, it transforms into Turkey's premier ski resort, offering world-class slopes and alpine chalets. But Uludağ is a year-round sanctuary; in summer, its glacial lakes, like Kilimli and Aynalı, and its lush high plateaus (yayla) become a haven for hikers, campers, and those seeking respite from the heat.

The Bursa Teleferik Experience

Embark on a spectacular journey with the Bursa Teleferik, the longest cable car line in the world at 9 kilometers. This 30-minute aerial voyage lifts you from the urban cityscape into the clouds, gliding over deep pine forests and craggy peaks. It is more than just transportation; it is a visual feast that reveals the scale of Bursa's greenery, offering panoramic vistas that stretch to the Sea of Marmara on clear days.

Gölyazı (The Peninsula of Peace)

Jutting into the waters of Lake Uluabat, the ancient village of Gölyazı is a scene from a fairytale. Founded by Ancient Greeks and later inhabited by Ottomans, it is connected to the mainland by a slender causeway. The village is famous for its "Weeping Plane Tree," a 750-year-old giant that "bleeds" red sap. At sunset, the lake turns gold, and local fishermen take visitors on serene boat rides through carpets of lily pads and past submerged ruins.

The 600-Year-Old İnkaya Plane Tree

On the road to Uludağ stands the İnkaya Sycamore, one of the oldest and largest trees in Turkey. With a massive trunk diameter of 3 meters and branches the size of full-grown trees, it casts a shadow over a vast area. It serves as a natural, open-air tea garden where visitors can enjoy a traditional village breakfast or fresh fruits under the canopy of this living monument, witnessing centuries of history in its bark.

The Culinary Capital

Bursa's cuisine is legendary. As the birthplace of many iconic Turkish dishes, the city invites you to a feast fit for Sultans.

İskender Kebab

The undisputed king of Bursa's gastronomy, invented here in 1867 by İskender Efendi. It is not just a kebab; it is a ritual. Thinly sliced lamb döner is layered over cubes of butter-toasted pita bread, then drenched in a rich, savory tomato sauce. It is served with a dollop of sheep's milk yogurt to balance the richness. The final touch—foaming, sizzling melted butter poured over the dish tableside—creates an aroma that is unforgettable.

Tahinli Pide (The "Tahanlı")

A beloved local breakfast staple unique to Bursa. This round pastry resembles a pizza but is topped with a generous mixture of roasted tahini and sugar. Baked in wood-fired ovens until the tahini caramelizes, it offers a perfect balance of sweet and nutty flavors, best enjoyed with hot tea.

Kestane Şekeri (Candied Chestnuts)

Bursa's signature sweet treat, harvested from the abundant chestnut forests of Uludağ. The best chestnuts are boiled, dipped in syrup, and sometimes coated in chocolate. They are the essential souvenir to take home, representing the sweetness of the city.

İnegöl Köfte

Hailing from the İnegöl district, these meatballs are famous nationwide. Unlike others, they use no spices—only salt, onion, and a specific blend of beef and lamb. The secret lies in the kneading and resting process, resulting in a uniquely springy texture and pure meat flavor.

A City of Universities & Science

Bursa is not just a city of history, but a thriving hub of youth, innovation, and academic excellence. With a growing student population and state-of-the-art research facilities, the city bridges its glorious past with a bright, technology-driven future.

Bursa Uludağ University

Established in 1975, Uludağ University is one of Turkey's leading educational institutions, hosting over 70,000 students from around the globe. Its vast, green campus is a city within a city, fostering research in medicine, engineering, and arts. The university plays a pivotal role in the city's dynamic atmosphere, bringing youthful energy and cultural diversity to Bursa.

Bursa Technical University (BTU)

A pioneer in "Robots and Intelligent Systems," BTU is a modern state university focusing on high-tech research and strong industry collaboration. It represents the innovative future of the city.

Science & Technology Centers

Bursa is home to GUHEM (Gökmen Aerospace Training Center), Turkey's first space-themed education center, inspiring the next generation of astronauts and engineers.

Modern Bursa: The Industrial Capital

Driving Turkey's economy with power and precision.

The Detroit of Turkey

Bursa is the heart of the Turkish automotive industry. It is home to major global factories like Tofaş (Fiat), Oyak-Renault, and Karsan, producing thousands of vehicles daily for the world market. This industrial prowess has transformed Bursa into a modern metropolis with advanced infrastructure, thriving business districts, and a high quality of life.

Textile & Fashion Hub

Continuing its 500-year legacy of silk, modern Bursa is a global leader in textile manufacturing. From high-tech fabrics to luxury fashion, the city's industrial zones (OSB) export to leading brands worldwide.

Advanced Agriculture

Despite its heavy industry, Bursa remains a powerhouse of agriculture ("Green Bursa"). Famous for its peaches, black figs, and olives, the city perfectly balances industrial strength with fertile abundance.

Culture, Arts & Museums

A UNESCO Creative City that celebrates its soul.

City of Museums

With over 40 museums, Bursa preserves every aspect of its heritage. The Panorama 1326 Conquest Museum stands out as the world's largest full-panoramic museum, immersing visitors in the day the city became Ottoman. The Karagöz Museum is dedicated to the famous shadow puppetry characters, born right here in Bursa.

Festivals & Lifestyle

Bursa's calendar is full of life, headlined by the International Bursa Festival, Turkey's longest-running cultural event that hosts world-famous artists every summer. The city also comes alive during the Golden Karagöz Folk Dance Competition, turning the streets into a carnival of global cultures. Modern life here is equally vibrant; contemporary shopping centers like Sur Yapı Marka and the lush Korupark blend seamlessly with historic open-air bazaars. Beyond these, the city's vibrant café culture in Podyumpark attracts the youth, while traditional shadow puppet shows continue to delight families. From jazz concerts to Sufi music recitals, every evening in Bursa offers a new melody, ensuring that the city's cultural heart beats just as strong as its industrial one, providing an unforgettable experience for every visitor.

The Thermal Capital

Since Roman times, Bursa's healing waters have been legendary. Today, it is a premier destination for health tourism.

Healing Waters of Çekirge

The Çekirge district is famous for its natural hot springs, rich in magnesium and sulfur. Historic hamams like the Old Bath (Eski Kaplıca), dating back to the 14th century, offer a traditional bathing experience that rejuvenates the body and soul. Luxury thermal hotels in the region combine this ancient tradition with modern spa comfort.

Surrounding Gems: Iznik & Mudanya

Explore the treasures just a short drive from the city center.

Iznik (Nicaea)

A historic city located on the shores of Lake Iznik. It was the site of the First Council of Nicaea and is world-famous for its unique Iznik Tiles, which adorn major mosques across Turkey. The ancient city walls and the lakeside sunset are unforgettable.

Mudanya & Tirilye

Bursa's gateway to the Sea of Marmara offers a refreshing coastal escape. Mudanya is historically pivotal as the site of the 1922 Armistice, celebrated in its well-preserved museum, and is adored for its seaside promenade lined with 19th-century Ottoman wooden mansions. A short scenic drive west leads to Tirilye, a charming former Greek fishing village that feels frozen in time. Famous for producing some of the world's finest olives, Tirilye fascinates visitors with its Byzantine churches, narrow streets smelling of sea salt and pine, and traditional seafood restaurants where you can watch the sunset over the harbor.

The Traveler’s Insider Guide

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Healing Waters

Visit the Old Bath (Eski Kaplıca) in Çekirge to soak in mineral-rich, 45°C natural spring waters.

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Textile Shopping

The Grand Bazaar (Kapalı Çarşı) offers high-quality towels, linens, and embroidery at wholesale prices.

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Best Time to Visit

Winter: Skiing & Thermal Baths.
Spring & Fall: Hiking & History.